Modern operating systems provide virtual memory, in which processes are given a range of memory, but where the memory does not directly correspond to actual physical RAM. Physical memory was often a scarce resource, and when it was exhausted by applications such as those with terminate-and-stay-resident functionality, no further applications could be started until running applications were closed. Programs were allocated physical memory that they could use as they needed. Įarly operating systems such as MS-DOS lacked support for multitasking. Therefore, they would either fail immediately with an "out of memory" error (OOME) message, or work as expected. Almost all modern programs expect to be able to allocate and deallocate memory freely at run-time, and tend to fail in uncontrolled ways (crash) when that expectation is not met older ones often allocated memory only once, checked whether they got enough to do all their work, and then expected no more to be forthcoming. Since the advent of virtual memory opened the door for the usage of swap space, the condition is less frequent. Historically, the out of memory condition was more common than it is now, since early computers and operating systems were limited to small amounts of physical random-access memory (RAM) due to the inability of early processors to address large amounts of memory, as well as cost considerations. This usually occurs because all available memory, including disk swap space, has been allocated. Such a system will be unable to load any additional programs, and since many programs may load additional data into memory during execution, these will cease to function correctly. Out of memory ( OOM) is an often undesired state of computer operation where no additional memory can be allocated for use by programs or the operating system. Out of memory screen display on system running Linux Mint 9 (kernel 2.6.32) JSTOR ( December 2014) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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